"Sexless marriages are an undeniable epidemic."
So says popular TV psychologist Dr. Phil.
Our world seems saturated with sex, yet more and more married couples just aren't having that much of it.
While the stereotype is that of a frustrated husband and a wife who "has a headache", it's not uncommon for the wife to be frustrated and the husband to lose interest. As
Michelle Weiner Davis, author of
The Sex Starved Marriage and
The Sex Starved Wife notes:
More men than women complain about not getting enough sex, [but] the
difference between the two genders is not nearly as great as the general
public believes. Low desire in men has got to be America's best-kept
secret.
She notes that desire for sex isn't just for an orgasm or physical release, but for intimacy with their spouse.
When someone is more highly sexed, the person who has less desire really
thinks it's just about having an orgasm. [But] to the more highly sexed
spouse, it is truly about feeling wanted and loved and emotionally
connected.
She warns of the possible consequences what can happen when a marriage becomes "sex starved".
Unless they get help, [their marriages] often can [end in divorce]. The other thing that happens is
the person with the higher desire just lives their life in lonely
misery.
Although sexless marriages are a drastic situation, many more marriages are suffering one spouse or both isn't getting the physical intimacy they need to feel loved and connected.
Because this is "Real Catholic Love and Sex", let's take a look at what the Catholic Church teaches about how to keep your spouse from feeling deprived.
You Owe It To Your Spouse
The Church's answer to sexual deprivation in marriage is the teaching called the "marriage debt". The teaching is as old as scripture, although it has often been forgotten in modern times.
The "marriage debt" - Sounds romantic, doesn't it? (Clearly celibates came up with the name, right?)
But the marriage debt should not be thought of as a burden, but as something positive that you owe your spouse.
The "marriage debt" means is that spouses shouldn't deprive each other of sex, but should generally try say "yes" to each other. It does NOT mean that a spouse can never say "no", but that spouses shouldn't make a habit of it unless they have serious reasons to avoid relations for extended periods of time.
I like to think of it as the "Nike" approach to sexuality:
Just Do It!
Sex was not designed to be something that we do for ourselves. Sex was designed to be something we share
with our spouses.
A wife's sexual needs can only be fulfilled by her
husband. A husband's sexual needs can only be fulfilled by his wife. To
refuse to meet a spouse's legitimate and reasonable sexual needs is not
very loving and is not good for a marriage.
Put another
way, spouses have a duty to help each other in meeting their sexual
needs, just like they have a duty to assist each other in all other
areas of the marriage. One could say that the spouses owe each other a
certain degree of sexual availability.
This "debt" goes both ways:
Husbands owe it to their wives and wives owe it to their husbands. (
Husbands: Your duty is to satisfy your wife's sexual needs, not merely to have sex with her. Wives: Your sexual needs are as important as his.)
If you aren't "in the mood" and your spouse is, try saying "yes" anyway for your spouse's sake. You may be surprised to find yourself getting "in the mood" as you get going. There is a good chance your grateful spouse will be more than happy to help to get there.
Render the Due Benevolence
The idea of the "marriage debt" comes from St. Paul's First Letter to the Corinthians. Ye olde King James Version states it best.
Nevertheless, to avoid fornication, let every man have his own wife, and let every woman have her own husband. Let the husband render unto the wife due benevolence: and likewise also the wife unto the husband. The
wife hath not power of her own body, but the husband: and likewise also
the husband hath not power of his own body, but the wife. Defraud
ye not one the other, except it be with consent for a time, that ye may
give yourselves to fasting and prayer; and come together again, that
Satan tempt you not for your incontinency. But I speak this by permission, and not of commandment. (1 Corinthians 7:2-7, KJV)
Sex in marriage is "due benevolence". Regularly denying your spouse this benevolence is "defrauding" them. Defrauding each other opens the door for Satan to tempt both of you.
While many modern readers worry that the passage is sexist, according to St. Thomas Aquinas and the constant teaching of the Church,
Paul's writing that both partners owe "due benevolence" to each other shows the equality of men and women in marriage and in the marital act, a radical concept in the ancient world.
The permission that Paul gives is most likely permission to agree to abstain for prayer and fasting and he is careful to point out that couples should not feel obliged to abstain for these spiritual reasons.
The
Catholic Church teaches that sex is part of the sacrament of marriage.
It is about more than procreation, but is an act of love that bonds the
couple together.
[The] mutual molding of husband and wife, this determined effort to
perfect each other, can in a very real sense . . . be
said to be the chief reason and purpose of matrimony, provided matrimony be
looked at not in the restricted sense as instituted for the proper conception
and education of the child, but more widely as the blending of life as a whole
and the mutual interchange and sharing thereof.
By this same love it is necessary that all the other rights and duties of
the marriage state be regulated as the words of the Apostle [Paul]: "Let the
husband render the debt to the wife, and the wife also in like manner to the
husband," express not only a law of justice but of charity.
Casti Connubii § 24-25.
When couples deprive each other of this bond of love, resentment can build in a marriage.
Although one spouse may feel more slighted, BOTH spouses are being deprived. The Catholic Church wants couples not to deprive each other, but to enjoy each other.
Unjust Exactions Prohibited
The marriage debt is a powerful teaching, but many people get nervous about it because it has been so misunderstood.
The Catholic Church teaches that the Apostle Paul's command "express[es] not only a law of justice, but of charity".
Any
interpretation of 1 Corinthians 7 or the "marriage debt" inconsistent
in ANY way with both justice and charity is always WRONG.
Sadly, some people have come up with some horrifying interpretations of Paul's words.
The the concept of the "marriage debt" has been misused to justify sexual abuse in marriage.
Such gross misunderstanding is neither justice nor charity and is completely incompatible with chaste Christian marriage. So let's eliminate some misconceptions about the marriage debt:
- The "marriage debt" does NOT mean that spouses cannot say no to sex.
- It does NOT mean that spouses cannot say no to sexual acts they find uncomfortable or degrading.
- It does NOT mean that a spouse can demand sex when to do so would be physically or psychologically unhealthy for the other spouse.
- It does NOT mean that a spouse must say yes to their spouses sexual advances under pain of mortal sin.
- It does NOT mean that one spouse is responsible for preventing the other from committing sexual sin.
- It does NOT mean that a spouse can never say "not tonight, dear".
- It does NOT mean that the marriage relationship is a legitimate outlet for lust.
- It does NOT mean that marriage is a "crime prevention program" in that the only purpose of marital relations is to prevent sexual sin.
- The "marriage debt" is NOT a justification for sexual abuse, coercion, or marital rape.
The Catholic Church condemns abuse of the "marriage debt".
As St. Thomas Aquinas wrote:
The wife has no power over her husband's body, except as is consistent with the welfare of his person. Wherefore if she go beyond this in her demands, it is not a request for the debt, but an unjust exaction; and for this reason the husband is not bound to satisfy her.
As the "marriage debt" is a mutual obligation, this also applies to husbands demanding sex from their wives when it is inconsistent with the wife's physical or psychological well-being.
(Interestingly, Aquinas's biggest concern about abuse of the
marital debt was that overly amorous wives would wear their husbands out!
The idea that sex is only something men are interested in is a relatively recent one and is cultural, not biological.)
Likewise, Pope John Paul II
taught that people should never use each other as means to an end. Sex in marriage is to always be an act of mutual love, not just one spouse using the other for a "legitimate" orgasm. He also reasoned that because marriage is a sacrament, sex in marriage is not to be an outlet for lust, but an instrument of grace that can lead the spouses to freedom over lust.
These statements of St. Paul have given rise to the opinion that
marriage constitutes a specific remedy for concupiscence. However, as we
have already observed, St. Paul teaches explicitly that marriage has a
corresponding special "gift," and that in the mystery of redemption
marriage is given to a man and a woman as a grace.
GENERAL AUDIENCE OF WEDNESDAY, 1 DECEMBER [1982]
So, If you ever run across an interpretation of the "marriage debt"
that implies that coercion is OK or consent is unnecessary, or that it
is OK to use your spouse for sex from an armchair theologian, combox
Pontiff,
or even a duly ordained member of the clergy, you can be assured that
their interpretation is
wrong and you can safely ignore them.
How Often?
So how often should spouses make love to "satisfy the debt"?
- Once a month?
- Once a week?
- Three times a week?
- Every day?
A healthy amount of sex in a marriage is a level where both spouses feel loved and neither spouse feels deprived. Spouses
should never feel used for sex and spouses should not feel obliged to engage in
relations when to do so is physically or psychologically unhealthy.
There is no magic number of times per week that a couple should feel like they have to have sex.
This will be different for different couples and different in different stages in life.
Some couples are happy with once a week, while others would
feel seriously deprived. Still others might wonder how anyone could want it so often. Couples who have
different levels of desire will need to work together to find a level of intimacy where both spouses feel loved and neither spouse feels used. But both spouses should recognize that sex is an important part of a marriage and agree to make it a priority, even when one is less interested in it than the other.
While every couple will have a different level of desire, remember, sex is good and part of the Sacrament of Marriage.
Couples will benefit by working toward increasing the amount of sexual intimacy in their marriage, not to find the bare minimum that they can get away with. Being generous and not stingy with your spouse is the key to a happy marriage (
and not just in the bedroom, either.)
Put it on the Calendar
Sooner or later, every married person is going to need to tell their spouse, "Not tonight, dear". But this dreaded phrase is far less dreadful when accompanied by "How about tomorrow?"
Scheduling sex turns a "No" into a "Not now" with a promise of fulfillment later. (Just don't put it off forever.) Putting it on the calendar makes it a priority for both of you.
Our culture romanticizes spontaneous sex, but scheduled sex can be even hotter. You both have something to look forward to and time to prepare for it. It's amazing how helpful and cooperative your spouse can become with household tasks when you both "need to go to bed early".
Prayer and Fasting . . . and Phase 2???
Natural
Family Planning requires couples to abstain from relations for certain
periods of time in order to avoid pregnancy. How does this play into the
marital debt?
Sex is designed to be both unitive and procreative.
If
your charts indicate sex could possibly lead to pregnancy, and you have
good reasons to avoid pregnancy, then you have good reasons to avoid
sex. Don't overthink this.
Theologically, Phase 2 abstinence can be seen as a type of fast. It is self-denial for a greater good, when the couple has appropriate reasons for avoiding pregnancy. Over-eager NFP promoters sometimes oversell the benefits of abstinence while downplaying the sacrifice, however, no matter how enjoyable your Phase 2 time is, you are definitely giving up something as a couple.
Let's just say Phase 2 is a
really good time for prayer.
Some couples may find
avoiding pregnancy with NFP leads to extended periods of abstinence.
Those in such extraordinary situations should work with a priest or
spiritual adviser to negotiate this difficult time. They should also
consult a trained NFP instructor to look for ways to reduce the
abstinence or to see if the extended abstinence is a sign of a possible
health issue that may need medical treatment.
Bigger Issues Than Sex
Sex
is good. So why would couples deprive each other of it?
There are many possible reasons which will be more fully addressed in other posts.
- Negative attitudes toward sex/hangups.
- Unrealistic ideals about what sex "should" be.
- Problems communicating about sex.
- Past sexual abuse/sexual assault.
- Fear of pregnancy.
- Fear of intimacy.
- Unsatisfying sexual relations.
- Overscheduling so they don't have time for each other.
- Distractions (TV/Internet/etc.)
- Problems in other areas in the marriage.
- Porn use and masturbation. (Common when husbands are depriving their wives.)
- Physical/hormonal problems.
- Depression/psychological problems.
If spouses are having trouble "saying yes" to each other, that's a sign that something's wrong and a sign to get help. Realizing that you are missing something may be the first sign
toward recognizing and solving a deeper problem in your personal life or
your marriage. Sometimes couples may need to work through these deeper issues before they can bring intimacy back into their marriage.
Spouses should NEVER coerce, threaten, or guilt trip the other spouse into doing something they feel physically or psychologically uncomfortable with doing.
Your Thoughts?
As C.S. Lewis once said, "No man, I suppose is tempted to every sin." Denying the marriage debt is a sin that neither K nor I have ever struggled with. Instead, we struggle with the virtue of
martial chastity and self-control, which is largely the opposite problem.
Because of this, there is only so much I can say on the subject. I would like to hear from you, dear readers.
- Have you struggled with "saying yes" to your spouse?
- Are you feeling deprived in your marriage?
- Are you worried that a spouse may abuse their privileges?
- Have you overcome any of these issues in your marriage?
Anonymous comments are on, so please let us know what you are thinking.
- James